Introduction to Food Grade Ammonium Chloride (E510)

Ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl), listed as E510 in the European Union food additive code, is a white crystalline compound used in the food industry for its unique chemical properties. As a multifunctional food additive, it is commonly applied as an acidity regulator, leavening agent, and flavor enhancer. Food grade ammonium chloride must meet strict safety and purity requirements to ensure suitability for human consumption.

Key Specifications (Food Grade NH₄Cl)

Applications of Ammonium Chloride in Food

1. Acidity Regulator
   Ammonium chloride helps control pH levels in processed foods, sauces, and baking products, creating the right chemical environment for flavor, texture, and preservation.

2. Leavening Agent in Baking
   In baking powders or alkaline doughs, NH₄Cl reacts with acid ingredients to release gases like CO₂, promoting leavening and texture improvement in baked goods.

3. Yeast Nutrient in Fermentation
   It serves as a nitrogen source for yeast during fermentation processes, especially in bread-making and alcohol production, enhancing fermentation speed and efficiency.

4. Flavor Enhancer in Candies and Salty Licorice
   Ammonium chloride is a traditional component in salmiakki (salty licorice), a Nordic confectionery product. It contributes a sharp, salty, and mildly bitter taste profile that is highly popular in Scandinavian regions.

Functional Effects and Working Principle

• Nitrogen Release: In fermentation and dough, NH₄Cl provides ammonium ions (NH₄⁺) which are easily metabolized by yeast and microorganisms, boosting protein synthesis and fermentation rate.

• pH Modulation: The chloride ion (Cl⁻) helps reduce alkalinity and stabilize pH, which is critical for color retention, microbial control, and product shelf life.

• Texture Control: In baked products, its involvement in the Maillard reaction enhances color and flavor, while its gas-releasing capacity assists in dough rising.

• Flavor Impact: The compound's slightly salty-bitter taste is utilized to create complex flavor notes in specialized products.

Safety and Regulatory Compliance

• Approved as food additive E510 in the EU and permitted in specific quantities in various regional food standards.

• Compliant with FCC, JECFA, and GB standards.

• Must be used within prescribed limits, typically not exceeding 300 mg/kg in food products unless specifically exempted.

Packaging & Storage

• Standard: 25 kg kraft paper bag with PE liner

• Storage: Keep in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place away from direct sunlight and incompatible substances

• Shelf Life: 2 years under proper storage conditions